Citizenship by investment in property
Programs that grant a second passport in return for buying property are the fastest legal route to a new citizenship. The table lists the programs in force as of 2026.
Citizenship programs compared
| Country | Threshold | Terms and restrictions | Source | Catalog |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turkey | $400,000 | Положение о применении Закона о турецком гражданстве, статья 20 (2) (b) Мевзуат — официальная база законодательства Турции →checked on Sep 3, 2026 | Citizenship-eligible → | |
| Egypt | property not eligible | Закон №28 от 2023 (поправки к закону №26 от 1975 о гражданстве), статья 6 в редакции апрельской поправки based on secondary sources checked on Sep 3, 2026 | Properties → | |
| Portugal | property not eligible | Lei Orgânica n.º 1/2026 от 18 мая Министерство юстиции Португалии →checked on Jul 27, 2026 | Properties → | |
| Montenegro | program closed | МВД Черногории → checked on Jul 27, 2026 | Properties → | |
| Cyprus | program closed | Properties → |
What is citizenship by investment (CBI)?
Citizenship by investment in property is a way to obtain full citizenship of a country by buying a property above a set amount, with no long-term residence requirement. The passport is usually held for life and passes on to children.
These programs have traditionally operated in the Caribbean (St. Kitts, Grenada, Antigua), and the only one in Europe is in Turkey. Cyprus closed its citizenship program in 2020, and Malta suspended its program in 2024.
Before you choose, check the current requirements for the holding period and due diligence, as well as the number of countries the passport gives visa-free access to.